This chapter explores the complex cultural perceptions of disability in Asia and Africa, highlighting the interplay of historical, spiritual, and contemporary factors that shape societal attitudes and experiences. In these regions, disability has traditionally been viewed through a spiritual and cultural lens, often linked to ancestral beliefs, divine intervention, or karmic retribution, resulting in both reverence and marginalization of individuals with disabilities. As globalization, urbanization, and modernization have progressed, new frameworks for understanding disability have emerged, influenced by international human rights standards and advocacy. This shift toward more inclusive, human rights-based approaches is particularly evident in urban centers, though traditional communities may resist these changes due to deeply rooted cultural values. The chapter examines how these diverse cultural perspectives interact with modern concepts of disability, offering insights into the challenges faced by people with disabilities in rural and urban contexts. It underscores the importance of bridging the gap between tradition and progress to create inclusive societies that respect the rights and dignity of all individuals, regardless of ability.