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Rainfall-induced slope instability is a critical concern in geotechnical engineering, primarily influenced by variations in pore water pressure (PWP) and effective stress in unsaturated soils. This study explores these interactions by developing a coupling model grounded in seepage-stress theory using COMSOL Multiphysics. The analysis investigates the water field distribution and deformation characteristics of an unsaturated soil slope under varying rainfall intensities. Results indicate that precipitation primarily infiltrates the surface soil, with flow dynamics shaped by rainfall intensity and duration. High-intensity rainfall results in a rapid increase in PWP but limited soil deformation due to insufficient stress redistribution, while low-intensity rainfall causes gradual saturation and greater deformation over time. Additionally, the slope surface exhibited the most significant PWP variations, correlating with rainfall patterns. These findings enhance the understanding of the dynamic coupling between hydraulic and mechanical processes in unsaturated slopes, offering practical insights for predicting and mitigating rainfall-induced landslides.

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Water Field Distribution Characteristics and Deformation Analysis of Coupling Fluid-Solid Based on the Finite Element Method

  • 会议论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年

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  • Xinkai Han,
  • Rini Asnida Abdullah,
  • Azman Kassim,
  • Zuhaila Ismail,
  • Zhongxiang Lu,
  • Amber Islam,
  • Mengqiu Zhang

摘要

Rainfall-induced slope instability is a critical concern in geotechnical engineering, primarily influenced by variations in pore water pressure (PWP) and effective stress in unsaturated soils. This study explores these interactions by developing a coupling model grounded in seepage-stress theory using COMSOL Multiphysics. The analysis investigates the water field distribution and deformation characteristics of an unsaturated soil slope under varying rainfall intensities. Results indicate that precipitation primarily infiltrates the surface soil, with flow dynamics shaped by rainfall intensity and duration. High-intensity rainfall results in a rapid increase in PWP but limited soil deformation due to insufficient stress redistribution, while low-intensity rainfall causes gradual saturation and greater deformation over time. Additionally, the slope surface exhibited the most significant PWP variations, correlating with rainfall patterns. These findings enhance the understanding of the dynamic coupling between hydraulic and mechanical processes in unsaturated slopes, offering practical insights for predicting and mitigating rainfall-induced landslides.