The latest advancements in machine learning and the digital technology revolution have markedly improved the potential for AI use in the forestry sector. A thorough literature review was conducted to discover academic papers related to the application of AI and ML in forestry, biodiversity conservation, and both international and Indian contexts. This adoption of innovative AI technologies in India’s forest ecosystem can enhance the tracking, management, and protection of forest assets, wildlife, and habitats. Overall, we noted that the use of AI technology in India’s forestry and ecological sectors has fallen behind that of both industrialized and other developing countries. However, improving India’s application of AI might be achieved by broadening access to extensive data related to forests and the environment, as well as strengthening digital and satellite communication and cloud computing capabilities. Furthermore, we acknowledged that the legal framework for environmental protection encompasses the norms that regulate prosecutorial conduct and the protocols that must be followed throughout such proceedings. These elements constitute the legal framework for environmental protection. A thorough comprehension of the legal structure regulating environmental protection in India is essential for evaluating the potential of this sector inside the country.