The digital revolution has significantly amplified the necessity for robust data protection laws globally. As data becomes an increasingly valuable asset, the principles governing its collection and processing have come under scrutiny. A fundamental tenet among these is data minimization, which asserts that data gathering should be sufficient, pertinent, and restricted to what is essential for the intended processing goals. This research endeavors to undertake a comparative analysis of data minimization principles embodied in the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) of the European Union and the recently enacted Digital Personal Data Protection Act (DPDP Act) 2023 of India. The study examines the legal frameworks, interpretations, and implementations of data minimization principles in both jurisdictions. An exhaustive review of legislative texts, judicial interpretations, and scholarly articles forms the basis of the analysis. The research also benefits from interviews with legal experts and stakeholders in the data protection ecosystem. Preliminary findings suggest that while GDPR has a well-articulated data minimization principle, the DPDP Act 2023 appears to lack an explicit mention or a dedicated provision concerning data minimization. The absence poses a potential challenge in ensuring the principles of data economy and purpose limitation, crucial for safeguarding individuals’ privacy rights in the digital age. This comparative analysis aims to fill the scholarly gap by evaluating the implications of the diverging approaches toward data minimization in GDPR and DPDP Act 2023. It further seeks to offer insights into the potential impact on cross-border data transfers, corporate data handling practices, and individuals’ data privacy rights. The study is poised to contribute significantly to the evolving discourse on data protection laws, especially in the burgeoning digital economy of India. It also aspires to provide policy recommendations for strengthening the data minimization principle within India's legal framework, aligning it with global standards to foster a culture of privacy and data protection. The research underscores the pivotal role of data minimization in contemporary data protection laws and elucidates the areas where India’s DPDP Act 2023 could be bolstered to enhance data privacy and align with international best practices encapsulated in GDPR.