The chapter introduces the critical issue of floods in India, particularly affecting vulnerable populations in slum areas, exacerbated by unplanned urbanization and climate change. Despite the proven effectiveness of NbS in flood mitigation, their implementation in developing countries, including India, remains limited. The chapter emphasizes the need to understand the unique challenges of urban areas and slums in developing countries before planning NbS interventions. It highlights the paradigm shift towards sustainable stormwater management systems and emphasizes the multifunctional benefits of NbS in creating resilient communities. Drawing on a case study of Nagpur, the chapter illustrates the urgency of NbS interventions in flood-prone slum areas. Challenges hindering NbS implementation in slums, such as locational settings, population and built density, socio-economics, housing quality, physical infrastructure availability, literacy rate, poor and unhygienic living conditions, and governance issues, are described. Furthermore, criteria for selecting NbS components are outlined, guiding their simulation in Nagpur’s slum areas using SWMM software. Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of certain NbS techniques, such as, rooftop disconnection, infiltration trench/basin, and bioretention cell/area, highlighting the importance of context-specific solutions. The chapter also provides initial stage research and simulations needed for Indian cities. It advocates integrating NbS into urban planning strategies to enhance urban resilience and promote sustainable growth in flood-prone slum areas.