There is general agreement that education plays an important socializing function for both young and old. Nations invest a considerable proportion of their budgets to ensure that young people are equipped with basic knowledge and skills to equip them with the tools they will need to be productive workers, active citizens and compassionate human beings. Yet in recent times education has been contested in many communities with attempts at censorship of the knowledge students can access, the promotion of nationalism over globalism and ongoing racism that characterizes many societies in which schools are embedded. New digital technologies and artificial intelligence are often seen to offer solutions for the future, but they also create new problems that need to be resolved. At the same time there are also issues such as censorship, nationalism and anti-diversity that are not amenable to technological solutions. All these can act as barriers to a more positive role for education. These issues will be reviewed in this chapter along with peace education in an attempt to identify how education can be constructed positively despite potentially negative barriers.