Phase Optimization and Structural Analysis of Mechanochemically Synthesized Tin Sulphide Nanoparticles
摘要
This report is on the synthesis of sulphur rich SnS phase using an inexpensive non-vacuum based mechanochemical method in which Sn and S powder are mechanically ground with subsequent heat treatment in oven. The optimized heating rate and temperature for the stabilization of SnS phase without any oxide phases is investigated using Raman and XRD analyses. Chemical structure analysis revealed the formation of sulphur rich phase of SnS without the formation of additional oxide phases for sample annealed at a low heating rate of 75 ℃/hr. The absence of any XRD peak corresponds to pure tin and sulphur indicated the complete sulphurization of Sn atoms and the indexed peaks show the resultant SnS phase to be in orthorhombic crystal structure. Crystallite size and strain of the sample are calculated using Williamson-Hall analysis using uniform deformation model (UDM), uniform stress deformation model (USDM), uniform deformation energy density model (UDEDM). Surface morphology, elemental composition analysis and band gap calculation revealed the stabilization of sulphur rich spherical shaped SnS nanoparticles of 300 nm size having 1.38 eV of band gap.