Effective electronic cooling is a major challenge because the heat generated by the components must be discarded quickly. As a result, the passive technique incorporates surface modifications and porous coatings to improve the heat dissipation process. The present research article broadly discusses the different types of coating methodologies used over heat sinks for effective heat transfer. Additionally, the impact of coating characteristics on heat transmission is detailed, including coating thickness, porosity, roughness, and more. Further, the nature of coatings like nano and micro coatings over the heat sink is elaborated with a view to finding their influencing characteristics towards effective heat transfer. Coatings with porosity levels ranging from 55 to 60% result in a rise in the coefficient of heat transfer, which can vary from 33 to 60%. In comparison to bare surfaces, porous surfaces show a maximum improvement of 216% in the coefficient of heat transfer. Changing the surface texture also boosts the coefficient of heat transfer by almost half. Furthermore, the investigator observed a noteworthy improvement in critical heat flux of approximately 200% when dealing with roughness and 230% when dealing with different coating thicknesses. The best coating method with optimized coating thickness for flawless heat transfer is summarized. The voids and future scope of the research are stated in the current field.