The tropane alkaloids have shown a highly diversified class in the alkaloids, which possess complexity in their structure and pronounced biological effects. The main objective of the present review is to disclose and elaborate on the mechanisms of biosynthesis in the plant system and its storage localization. The biosynthesis mechanism provides a route to engage scientists to design and synthesize nontoxic and highly efficient medicines to cope with the demand. The substrates for biosynthesis are ornithine, phenylalanine arginine, etc., and various tropane alkaloids derived from the presence of specific enzymes. The common biosynthetic path and certain specific tropane alkaloids have been discussed.