Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are a promising option for the next photovoltaic systems due to their significant technological and efficiency advancements. This work examines how the composition of the absorber layer affects the efficiency of PSCs with the Au/Spiro-OmeTAD/BaZrS3/ZnO/ITO configuration. We thoroughly adjusted the structural layer thicknesses using the SCAPS-1D simulation program in order to optimize device efficiency. With optimized thicknesses of 0.035 µm for the ZnO layer, 0.22 µm for Spiro-OmeTAD, and 0.55 µm for the BaZrS3 absorber layer, the BaZrS3-based perovskite solar cell produced a PCE of 8.547%, an open-circuit voltage (Voc) of 1.392 V, a short-circuit current density (Jsc) of 14.019 mA/cm2, and a fill factor (FF) of 44.2545%. The study also emphasizes how temperature has a significant impact on solar cell performance, with lower temperatures improving PCE. These results highlight the importance of choosing the right absorber layer for PSC design, especially the benefit of using materials with smaller energy gaps for better electrical properties and overall device performance.