The rising concern to curtail adverse environmental impacts led by traditional paper-making via wood fiber called forth the development of remarkable interest in non-wood lignocellulosic fiber to substitute virgin wood. This study assesses and evaluates the possibility of manufacturing biodegradable, recyclable, and eco-friendly paper by taking advantage of a locally available grass species commonly called Arundo Donax. The pulping process of the fiber was achieved chemically through a soda process at an optimum sodium hydroxide concentration of 12% w/v for an optimum cooking time of 85 min in a liquor to raw material bath ratio of 20:1 for 90 min at 90°C. Thereafter, composites of 60 g/m2 were produced with and without the addition of starch acting as bonding agent in fiber-to-recycled wastepaper ratios of 20:80, 60:40, and 100:0. The mean grammage of all the paper composites ranged between 60 ± 0.77 g/m2 and 60 ± 2.77 g/m2, thickness varied between 0.215 and 0.305 mm, and the bulk density was evaluated to fluctuate between 229.36 and 273.35 kg/m3. The starch-reinforced mix was observed to depict more favorable results in the range of 3.56–4.46 ± 0.5s as compared to the unreinforced mix displaying values varying from 2.85 to 2.97 ± 0.5s. Starch-reinforced 100% donax paper composite was evaluated to have a relatively high value of 0.68 kPa m2/g while 20% starch-reinforced donax fiber displayed the most favorable tensile index of 7.620 Nm/g. The tapioca starch-reinforced mix was determined to have more favorable results as compared to the unreinforced mix. Nonetheless, it was observed that the composite paper produced did not exhibit the mean of the strength-related properties of the commercial 60 g/m2 paper but the properties could still be improved by increased refining and incorporation of specific additives.

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Arundo Donax Fibers: A Sustainable Alternative for Pulp and Paper Production

  • Bibi Nausheen Jaffur,
  • Pratima Khadoo,
  • Dinesh Surroop

摘要

The rising concern to curtail adverse environmental impacts led by traditional paper-making via wood fiber called forth the development of remarkable interest in non-wood lignocellulosic fiber to substitute virgin wood. This study assesses and evaluates the possibility of manufacturing biodegradable, recyclable, and eco-friendly paper by taking advantage of a locally available grass species commonly called Arundo Donax. The pulping process of the fiber was achieved chemically through a soda process at an optimum sodium hydroxide concentration of 12% w/v for an optimum cooking time of 85 min in a liquor to raw material bath ratio of 20:1 for 90 min at 90°C. Thereafter, composites of 60 g/m2 were produced with and without the addition of starch acting as bonding agent in fiber-to-recycled wastepaper ratios of 20:80, 60:40, and 100:0. The mean grammage of all the paper composites ranged between 60 ± 0.77 g/m2 and 60 ± 2.77 g/m2, thickness varied between 0.215 and 0.305 mm, and the bulk density was evaluated to fluctuate between 229.36 and 273.35 kg/m3. The starch-reinforced mix was observed to depict more favorable results in the range of 3.56–4.46 ± 0.5s as compared to the unreinforced mix displaying values varying from 2.85 to 2.97 ± 0.5s. Starch-reinforced 100% donax paper composite was evaluated to have a relatively high value of 0.68 kPa m2/g while 20% starch-reinforced donax fiber displayed the most favorable tensile index of 7.620 Nm/g. The tapioca starch-reinforced mix was determined to have more favorable results as compared to the unreinforced mix. Nonetheless, it was observed that the composite paper produced did not exhibit the mean of the strength-related properties of the commercial 60 g/m2 paper but the properties could still be improved by increased refining and incorporation of specific additives.