This paper conducted artificial accelerated aging of silicone rubber by ultraviolet radiation (500, 1000 h), and tested the surface charge accumulation characteristics, SEM, surface resistivity and volume resistivity of the silicone rubber before and after radiation. The test results show that ultraviolet radiation will exacerbate the severity of surface charge accumulation on silicone rubber. Compared with unaged silicone rubber, the severity of surface charge accumulation on silicone rubber with an aging time of 500 h and 1000 h increased by 42.64% and 37.73% respectively. As the ultraviolet aging time increases, holes and cracks appear on the surface of the silicone rubber, resulting in a decrease in both the surface resistivity and the volume resistivity. This work has guiding significance for aging evaluation of composite insulators.