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In order to study the electric field and current distribution of the aircraft with different materials and structures when it is struck by lightning in flight, the electric field distribution and current distribution of the aircraft with different materials and structures has been studied in the paper. A full-scale aircraft model with different materials is established, the distribution of lightning field is simulated by using electrostatic field technology. The influence of material characteristics on the distribution and intensity of electric field on the surface of aircraft is investigated, and the lightning attachment rule is analyzed. The simulation results show that the electrode position has an effect on the electric field distribution, the maximum electric field strength of the aircraft is approximately at the electrode position 23. Secondly, the material of aircraft has influence on its electric field strength and distribution. The electric field strength of pure metal material is the highest about 9703 V/m. The electric field strength of composite material aircraft is about 4573 V/m. Based on the above analysis, the maximum probability of the aircraft’s lightning attachment partition is attached to the fairing tip area, and current conduction path. This study can provide a basis for the calculation of the electric field development process of aircraft and a theoretical basis for the protection design of aircraft in lightning environment.

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Simulation Study of Lightning Direct Effects on Aircraft with Different Material Structures

  • 会议论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年

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  • Chenghang Yu,
  • Zhiliang Wang,
  • Yunhua Jiao,
  • Xiao Xu,
  • Hongxu Liu,
  • Honglei Sui,
  • Xueling Yao,
  • Jinru Sun,
  • Yupeng Chai

摘要

In order to study the electric field and current distribution of the aircraft with different materials and structures when it is struck by lightning in flight, the electric field distribution and current distribution of the aircraft with different materials and structures has been studied in the paper. A full-scale aircraft model with different materials is established, the distribution of lightning field is simulated by using electrostatic field technology. The influence of material characteristics on the distribution and intensity of electric field on the surface of aircraft is investigated, and the lightning attachment rule is analyzed. The simulation results show that the electrode position has an effect on the electric field distribution, the maximum electric field strength of the aircraft is approximately at the electrode position 23. Secondly, the material of aircraft has influence on its electric field strength and distribution. The electric field strength of pure metal material is the highest about 9703 V/m. The electric field strength of composite material aircraft is about 4573 V/m. Based on the above analysis, the maximum probability of the aircraft’s lightning attachment partition is attached to the fairing tip area, and current conduction path. This study can provide a basis for the calculation of the electric field development process of aircraft and a theoretical basis for the protection design of aircraft in lightning environment.