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This study investigates the effect of pH on the synthesis of zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles through a sol–gel method. The nanoparticles were synthesized at pH values of 9, 11, and 13, employing microwave irradiation at 600 Watts and subsequent calcination at a temperature of 700 °C for one hour. XRD analysis confirms the significant decrease in crystallite size with an increase in the pH levels of the medium. The smallest size of crystallites was 27.4280 nm at pH 13. FESEM analysis also showed that ZnO nanoparticles synthesized at pH 13 were more uniform and smaller particle sizes, with a rounded morphology and a size range of 76.1–156.0 nm. EDX confirmed the high purity of the nanoparticles, as the Zn and O composition closely matched with the theoretical values. The results revealed that the pH value of 13 is optimal for producing high-purity ZnO nanoparticles with the smallest and most uniform sizes, making them ideal for advanced technological applications.

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Studies on pH Effects on ZnO Nanoparticles via Microwave-Assisted Sol–Gel Method

  • 会议论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年

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  • Suraya Sulaiman,
  • Wan Fahmin Faiz Wan Ali,
  • Izman Sudin,
  • Muhammad Firdaus Omar,
  • Nadhrah Md. Yatim

摘要

This study investigates the effect of pH on the synthesis of zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles through a sol–gel method. The nanoparticles were synthesized at pH values of 9, 11, and 13, employing microwave irradiation at 600 Watts and subsequent calcination at a temperature of 700 °C for one hour. XRD analysis confirms the significant decrease in crystallite size with an increase in the pH levels of the medium. The smallest size of crystallites was 27.4280 nm at pH 13. FESEM analysis also showed that ZnO nanoparticles synthesized at pH 13 were more uniform and smaller particle sizes, with a rounded morphology and a size range of 76.1–156.0 nm. EDX confirmed the high purity of the nanoparticles, as the Zn and O composition closely matched with the theoretical values. The results revealed that the pH value of 13 is optimal for producing high-purity ZnO nanoparticles with the smallest and most uniform sizes, making them ideal for advanced technological applications.