This chapter investigates the manifestation of aesthetic consciousness in prehistoric societies through the study of stone tools. It analyzes how early humans selected materials such as flint and quartz, valuing both their functional properties (rigidity, brittleness) and inherent beauty (color, texture, luster), which laid the foundation for natural aesthetics. The deliberate crafting of tools into geometric shapes—circles, trapezoids, spindles, and rhombuses—demonstrates an early understanding of formal beauty and symmetry, influenced by natural phenomena like celestial bodies. Functional utility is explored through ergonomic designs, emphasizing efficiency and harmony between humans and tools, foreshadowing principles of modern human factors engineering. Additionally, artistic ingenuity is evident in decorative elements such as perforations, carvings, and symbolic motifs (e.g., taotie patterns), reflecting a blend of practicality and creativity. The chapter underscores how prehistoric tool-making intertwined cognitive development, material innovation, and aesthetic expression, marking the origins of Chinese artifact aesthetics.