This research addresses hate speech from a historical perspective, identifying the beliefs that underpin different forms of hate speech and analyzing the relationship of the hate speeches that are maintained over time with the most relevant social and political events. To this end, Bosnia and Herzegovina is taken as a case study, a country in which the signing of the Dayton Accords in 1995 marked the end of the war, but also resulted in the establishment of a polarized country that, to this day, continues to be subject by ethno-religious nationalism. This work uses a methodological triangulation that combines qualitative techniques with automated analysis, such as sentiment analysis and social network analysis (SNA), taking as a sample the main print and digital media in Bosnia and Herzegovina over the last forty years, as well as the social network X over the last decade, to determine which events generate an increase in hate speech and what effects they have on the public. This paper demonstrates that it is crucial to approach hate speech from a historical perspective to understand its complexity and the patterns that emerge both historically with print and audiovisual media at the end of the 20th century and contemporaneously with digital media and social networks.