Many studies have shown that significant changes have taken place in urban spaces in modern China since the late Qing Dynasty. One of the most important changes is the strengthening of surveillance over community spaces by the police system. Generally, scholars believe that the emergence of armed bureaucratic police corresponded with the development of capitalism in Europe since the eighteenth century. The urbanization resulting from the wave of industrialization led to an increasing tendency for police in European cities in confrontation with traditional communities. For the police, public spaces always possessed an inherently problematic nature. The police system’s transformation of popular culture gradually replaced the autonomous functions of community organizations, thereby influencing the transformation of community culture since the nineteenth century.