The advancement in wearable sensors has led to many demands in terms of energy-harvesting communication protocols concerning optical wireless communication (OWC). This paper surveys power management methods in wearable sensors based on superframe structures for application in efficient battery usage in wearable sensor systems. Superframe structures, often employed in Medium Access Control (MAC) layers, can greatly enhance the life duration of wearable batteries by regulating the activation and inactivation modes of wearable devices. This review focuses on the state-of-the-art superframe structure developments characterized for wearable sensors and their conjunction with OWC protocols. These include the synchronization mechanisms, the mechanism of dynamic superframes adjustment and error management are described, and their effects on battery are analyzed. This paper will review and present the current approaches and research that has been done towards optimizing energy efficiency wearable sensors used in OWC.