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In mechanical engineering applications, components such as electric motors, gear reducers, and pumps generate substantial heat during operation. Insufficient thermal management can result in equipment overheating, which adversely affects both performance and lifespan. Recently, hydrogels have emerged as an ideal material for thermal management due to its exceptional thermal conductivity and lightweight properties. This study employs computational fluid dynamics to select a nozzle with a diameter of 0.6 mm and a length of 13 mm for 3D printing. This nozzle demonstrates optimal performance in balancing wall shear stress (165.4 Pa) and printing efficiency. Subsequent optimization of printing parameters revealed that the best printing results are achieved under conditions of a pressure of 15 kPa, a printing height of 0.48 mm, and a printing speed of 180 mm/min. This research provides a novel solution for the efficient thermal management of mechanical engineering components and presents an optimized example of 3D printing technology for hydrogel-based thermal management patches.

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Optimization of 3D Printing Process for Hydrogel-Based Thermal Management Patches in Engineering Machinery

  • 会议论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2026年

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  • Bowen Li,
  • Zhen Wang,
  • Chuanzhen Huang,
  • Longhua Xu,
  • Shuiquan Huang,
  • Meina Qu,
  • Zhengkai Xu,
  • Dijia Zhang,
  • Baosu Guo,
  • Chunhui Ji

摘要

In mechanical engineering applications, components such as electric motors, gear reducers, and pumps generate substantial heat during operation. Insufficient thermal management can result in equipment overheating, which adversely affects both performance and lifespan. Recently, hydrogels have emerged as an ideal material for thermal management due to its exceptional thermal conductivity and lightweight properties. This study employs computational fluid dynamics to select a nozzle with a diameter of 0.6 mm and a length of 13 mm for 3D printing. This nozzle demonstrates optimal performance in balancing wall shear stress (165.4 Pa) and printing efficiency. Subsequent optimization of printing parameters revealed that the best printing results are achieved under conditions of a pressure of 15 kPa, a printing height of 0.48 mm, and a printing speed of 180 mm/min. This research provides a novel solution for the efficient thermal management of mechanical engineering components and presents an optimized example of 3D printing technology for hydrogel-based thermal management patches.