Since the pilot project of green power trading was officially launched in September, 2021, the policy system of green power trading was initially established, and the scale of green power trading increased year by year. Green power trading has played a positive role in reflecting the environmental value of electric energy, improving the effective utilization level of green energy, stimulating the whole society to form the consciousness of actively consuming green power, and implementing the concept of green and low-carbon development. However, at present, China's green power trading market still faces a series of challenges, such as low coupling with the green certificate market, imperfect green power trading mechanism, ineffective transmission of consumption responsibility to end users, and low international recognition of green power and green certificate markets. Developed countries and regions such as Europe and America started green power and green certificate trading earlier, and established more mature compulsory and voluntary markets. The relevant experience and lessons have strong reference significance for China. Looking forward to the future, China needs to further improve the top-level design, activate the green power and green certificate trading market, strengthen the coupling and coordination between the green power and green certificate market and the carbon market, avoid double counting of environmental rights and interests, and continuously improve the international recognition of China's green power and green certificate market.