The quality of coffee is closely related to soil properties, and the Simao region, as an important coffee-producing area in Yunnan, China, is directly affected by soil conditions. This study analyzed the local soil properties and their impact on coffee quality, and evaluated the effectiveness of different soil improvement materials. The results showed that the combined application of lime, biochar, and organic fertilizer can significantly improve acidic soils, promote coffee tree growth, and increase yield and quality. Based on these findings, an optimal soil improvement scheme was developed for the Simao region, providing a scientific basis and practical guidance for the sustainable development of the local coffee industry.