In the early 2000s, a Chinese pharmacist, Hon Lik, created the modern e-cigarette (e-cig) as an alternative to conventional cigarettes after his father died from lung cancer. An e-cig is a battery-powered device that heats liquid solutions to produce an aerosol for inhalation, allowing the user the feeling of smoking without burning tobacco. The first patented device in 2004 was created to aid smoking cessation and to evade smoke-free laws. By 2013, key tobacco companies were touting e-cigs as a harm-reduction product. E-cig devices have evolved through four generations: from cigarette-like “cigalike,” to larger and more customizable vape pens/box mods to the recent sleek pod systems like JUUL with high-nicotine salt formulations. Shenzhen, China, has grown to become the international center of all vaping things. In the competitive environment, consolidation is visible as British American Tobacco, Altria, Imperial Brands, and most recently RELX have all been acquiring e-cig brands (like Vuse). Vape culture has taken hold of a new subculture of users, transporting what began as cessation aids into an indulgent pastime or lifestyle akin to smoking for pleasure.