Hydrogen storage technology is essential to the energy landscape, providing a clean and adequate substitute for current non-renewable fossil fuels. However, conventional storage methods, such as liquid hydrogen and high-pressure tanks, require substantial energy and pose significant challenges in handling due to safety issues. This article reviews recent innovative materials revolutionising hydrogen storage, focusing more on their potential to improve safety and efficiency. The article concisely discusses the fundamentals of hydrogen storage, including the performance and safety that guide the material development. Different materials in hydrogen storage technologies, including metal hydrides like magnesium hydrides, porous materials like metal–organic frameworks, carbon materials, and zeolites, are elucidated. Each material is studied in terms of its synthesis, characterisation, and performance. Challenges and limitations were discussed, and recommendations for upcoming research were provided. The prospects of using innovative hydrogen storage materials as an efficient energy source for the future have been adequately elucidated.