Satellite communication systems have garnered significant attention in recent years as essential frameworks for transmission. Given the numerous interferences and detection issues in the space communication environment, satellite covert communications often employ short codes for channel coding, such as polar codes. To improve the performance of the Successive Cancellation List Bit-Flip (SCLF) algorithm for polar codes, this paper introduces a method that integrates a threshold strategy with segmented parity check (PC) checks to reduce the average flip numbers. The method sets thresholds for Rate-1 and FI nodes to better identify unreliable positions. To further reduce flips, two PC bits are added after each segment of information bits, enabling early termination of erroneous decoding processes. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm improves both decoding accuracy and lowers the average flip numbers. For the polar code P(1024, 512) with list size L = 4 and maximum flips \(T _\textit{max}\) = 40, the new algorithm achieves a 0.13dB gain over SCLF at BLER = 10 \(^{\textbf {-4}}\) . Furthermore, at SNR = 2dB, the Segmented Double Parity Check(SDPC) SCLF algorithm reduces the average flips by 34.3 \(\%\) compared to General-SCLF.