The 1970s American science fiction film “Fantastic Voyage” tells the story of five doctors who were shrunk to one-millionth of their size and injected into a patient’s blood vessels to perform surgery. Since then, people have begun to imagine entering the human body with micro-nano scale robots to solve some bottleneck problems in the medical field. In fact, there are many natural micro-nano motors in nature. For example: functional proteins in cells can move along the microtubules in the cells and transport protein molecules by consuming adenosine triphosphate (ATP), ensuring the normal operation of various functions in the cells, these functional proteins with mobility are natural micro-nano robots; E. coli can propel itself to obtain food and avoid adverse factors through flagellar movement; animal sperm cells can also achieve combination with egg cells through flagellar movement and their own chemotaxis characteristics. Inspired by these natural biological robots, scientists have researched and designed micro-nano structures that have autonomous driving ability and can achieve specific tasks by converting the energy of the surrounding environment, which we usually call micro-nano motors (or micro-nano robots). Micro-nano motors exhibit controllable movement ability at the micro-nano scale, and have important applications in drug delivery, minimally invasive surgery, in vivo sampling, single-cell operation, environmental governance, biological sensing detection and other fields, breaking new ground in the medical field of minimally invasive and highly specific treatment methods.