As a part of fiber wet processing, dyeing is considered one of the most polluting stages in the textile industry, consuming high amounts of fresh water and chemicals and generating large volumes of effluents loaded with salts, residual dyestuff, and other dyeing auxiliaries. Different approaches have been made to reduce both water consumption and wastewater output. Replacing water as a dyeing medium is a logical solution. Due to the development of new solvents, this strategy has gained increasing attention. Starting with a general insight into problems and challenges of textile dyeing, this chapter gives an updated review on dyeing using non-aqueous solvents from chlorinated solvents to the latest trends involving neoteric solvents such as ionic liquids and deep eutectic solvents, amongst others.