This comprehensive review paper meticulously examines methodologies for spaceborne antenna surface shape measurement technology. Spaceborne antennas serve as vital components in ensuring the operational efficiency of satellites. Their increasing size poses demands and challenges for “high precision, high stability, and long-term” operations. Accurate measurement of the satellite-borne antenna’s surface alignment offers a fundamental basis for evaluating antenna performance in orbit and facilitating phase compensation in antenna imaging. This study delves into various measurement approaches, encompassing theodolite, total station, la-ser tracking, laser scanning, photogrammetric, optical fiber sensor, and micro-wave holographic measurement systems, compares the technical characteristics of antenna surface measurement and the basic principles, core indices, and applications of various measurement methods, and forecasts the development trends and prospects. In conclusion, this review offers profound insights into both the status and promising avenues for the evolution of spaceborne antenna surface shape measurement technology.