As the complexity of spacecraft systems gradually increases, the traditional document-based design approach is evolving towards a model-based design approach. However, due to the multi-level and multi-disciplinary coupling characteristics of spacecraft, their design process often requires collaboration across different units and system levels. Therefore, how to carry out spacecraft collaborative design efficiently and normatively based on models has become an urgent problem to be solved. This paper proposes a SysML-based spacecraft overall-subsystem collaborative design method, which can effectively address the issues encountered in the current collaborative modeling process, such as the complexity of model distribution and integration operations, low efficiency, and the difficulty of technical state control. The feasibility of this collaborative modeling method is verified through practical cases.