This chapter explores the intersection of disability and socioeconomic development in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), emphasizing its implications for global health and equity. It begins with a comprehensive definition of disability informed by the World Health Organization (WHO) and the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD), contrasting the medical and social models of disability. This chapter examines the global prevalence of disabilities, focusing on LMICs, where systemic barriers, including inadequate healthcare, poverty, and stigma, exacerbate the challenges faced by individuals with disabilities. Regional analyses highlight disparities in prevalence, with Sub-Saharan Africa, Southeast Asia, and the Middle East bearing disproportionate burdens. This chapter underscores the critical need for inclusive health and education systems to address these inequities, guided by the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). By integrating global data and a multidimensional framework, this discussion lays the groundwork for understanding disability as a developmental and human rights issue, advocating for policies that prioritize equity and inclusivity.