With the gradual development of exploration and development towards deep formations, the requirements for drilling fluids in drilling engineering are increasing day by day. In the Changling deep tight gas target layer in the southern Songliao Basin, Jilin Oilfield, the buried depth is 4900–5800 m, and the bottom hole temperature is 180–200 ℃. During the drilling process, due to high geothermal gradients, long open hole sections, wellbore instability, and formation leakage, there are high requirements for the temperature resistance, rheological properties, and sealing properties of the drilling fluid, which poses great challenges to construction. In response to the above issues, by optimizing various low-cost and high-performance treatment agents, a 220 ℃ high temperature water based drilling fluid system has been formed through technical breakthroughs. The indoor evaluation showed that its temperature resistance, inhibition, reservoir protection and settlement stability were good, and it could ensure good rheology and rock carrying ability under high temperature conditions, meeting the requirements of site construction. The drilling fluid was applied in two wells on site, with the completion depth of Well B being 5885 m, breaking the drilling depth record of Jilin Oilfield. During the construction process, the drilling fluid performance was stable and good. Under the premise of low-density construction, the anti collapse and anti leakage effects were good, ensuring efficient drilling and completion, realizing the purpose of efficient exploration. Provide strong technical guidance for the large-scale application of water-based drilling fluids in deep tight gas in Changling area.