The utilization of waste foundry sand (WFS) in place of natural sand in self-compacting concrete (SCC) has attracted a lot of interest from the civil engineering community. This study presents a comprehensive investigation into the fresh properties, mechanical properties, cost analysis, and embodied energy of SCC incorporating WFS. The aim of the research is to evaluate the feasibility and potential benefits of utilizing WFS in SCC, thereby promoting sustainable construction practices. In order to evaluate the mechanical characteristics, a series of experiments were performed on SCC specimens using different amounts (0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, and 30%) of waste foundry sand in place of natural sand by volume. Fresh properties, compressive strength, tensile strength, flexural strength, and elastic modulus of materials were tested and compared to those of conventional SCC. The results demonstrated that incorporating WFS led to favorable performance in terms of these mechanical properties, thereby indicating the viability of WFS as a substitute material in SCC. In order to determine the economic viability of using WFS in SCC, a thorough cost study was also carried out. In addition, the embodied energy of SCC with WFS was assessed to understand its environmental impact. The results indicated that the incorporation of WFS reduced the overall embodied energy of SCC, further emphasizing the environmental benefits of utilizing waste materials. The use of waste materials like foundry sand in the manufacturing of concrete is encouraged by these results, which call for the general adoption of sustainable practices in the construction industry.