The chapter explores the heightened vulnerability of Mumbai’s indigenous Koli fishing communities to climate change-induced disasters, accentuated by rapid urbanization and their historical ties to the region’s ecosystem. Despite their rich cultural heritage, the Kolis are facing significant threats to their traditional practices and collective resilience. Current disaster risk reduction (DRR) literature predominantly emphasizes technical and structural approaches, often overlooking the crucial role of cultural dimensions in shaping community resilience. This oversight can undermine the effectiveness of DRR strategies and exacerbate marginalization. Employing a mixed-method approach, this study integrates qualitative ethnographic methods, quantitative indicator-based index approaches, and geospatial vulnerability analysis to investigate the socio-cultural factors affecting DRR in Koli communities. Geographic Information System (GIS) techniques are utilized to map disaster risks within Koliwadas, providing spatial insights into vulnerabilities. Concurrently, household surveys assess socio-cultural resilience factors such as community infrastructure, sense of place, social capital, and cultural practices, leading to the creation of a socio-cultural resilience index. The findings highlight the necessity of incorporating both tangible and intangible cultural aspects into DRR frameworks to enhance community resilience effectively. The research advocates for participatory approaches that empower local communities, ensuring their agency in decision-making processes and the sustainability of DRR initiatives. Mainstreaming cultural considerations into DRR policies and practices can harness the full spectrum of community assets, fostering more resilient and adaptive societies amidst increasing climate uncertainties.