This paper focuses on some mobilization processes that are currently taking place in areas of the so-called “emptied Spain” and which are largely due to the implementation of different public policies related to climate change and sustainability. Thus, some measures related to conservation within the Common Agricultural Policy, the implementation of infrastructures for the generation of renewable energies or certain pro-biodiversity policies have generated strong opposition from groups normally settled in areas of lower demographic weight, to a certain extent reviving the old axis of conflict between the rural and urban worlds. The discourses built to address such policies clearly depict an opposition between interests defined by the lived space: the political subject of reference (those close to the territory, losers in globalization) versus an enemy elite or caste (them, the distant ones, located in the urban sphere without national affiliation and dominators in globalization). In short, a version of populism that, by delegitimizing initiatives such as the 2030 Agenda or the European Green Pact, tends to reinforce the negationist positions of parties located on the extreme right of the ideological continuum.