This chapter demonstrates the significance of cultural linguistics for ELT, given that language and culture and their teaching have always been inextricably linked. To this end, it examines the pivotal concept of “culture”, presents a brief historical overview of research on the interplay between language and culture, and introduces concepts such as linguaculture and transculturality. With a particular focus on ELT in a multipolar environment, it proposes a range of competences that are deemed essential for effective inter- and transcultural communication. Furthermore, it establishes links to the recently developed paradigms of Global English Language Teaching (GELT) and Teaching English as an International Language (TEIL), as well as to the nascent field of pop cultural linguistics. In light of the theoretical concepts presented, the chapter offers a number of practical recommendations for educators in a multipolar environment who wish to implement culturally sensitive ELT practices based on insights from cultural linguistics.