The lung parenchyma is encased by visceral and parietal pleura, which are normally not visible unless diseased. The pleura often gets involved in various diseases which usually take the form of fluid, air in the pleural cavity, mass lesions or calcification. Pleural pathology can cause respiratory distress, pain, fever and symptoms, depending upon the nature of the pathology. In this chapter, we will look at various manifestations of pleural diseases.