Precision agriculture (PA) and smart farming will soon replace the conventional methods adopted in agriculture; these technologies can increase the productivity of crops, optimize inputs, and simultaneously sustain environmental resources. Precision agriculture approach of farming involves data based informed decisions making in crop management. It is used in both crop and livestock production. Precision agriculture often employs technologies to automate agricultural operations, improving their diagnosis, decision-making, or performance. This book chapter aims at details ascribed to the concept of precision agriculture, driving technologies, the potential role of PA in increasing sustainable agricultural production, and various precision tools used for precise management. We also discuss in detail the adoption of PA in various developed and developing countries and the lacunae for the slow adoption of PA tools.