The present study employs numerical methods to analyze the interaction between a shock wave and a solid object. In this research, flow phenomena such as shock wave impingement on structures, shock wave reflection and transmission, and stress distribution throughout the structure in longitudinal and transverse directions were studied. Two fluid–structure coupling techniques were utilized in these simulations. In one-way coupling, the governing flow equation was unaffected by the deformation of the structure, while in two-way coupling, the deformation of the structure influenced the flow field. A simple shock tube is used to generate a planar shock wave, with a solid body positioned at the tube’s midpoint and the tube is filled with water. The study investigates the intricacies of wave physics to gain a comprehensive understanding of the wave patterns that occur within the solid body and at the interfaces between the solid body and water. The aim is to obtain insight into the flow phenomena and dynamic mechanisms directly responsible for the failure of the solid body under shock wave action.