In hypervelocity impulse ground testing facilities, accurate time-resolved static pressure measurements are imperative in characterizing the freestream thermodynamic state and interpreting spectroscopic data. However, significant structural and aerodynamic loads in these impulse facilities make obtaining accurate pressure measurements quite challenging. Recently, static pressure probes and tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy (TDLAS) were used to measure freestream static pressure in the T5 Free-Piston Reflected Shock Tunnel at the California Institute of Technology. This paper compares the direct pressure measurements from two static probe designs with TDLAS based measurements that use the pressure broadening of absorption features from 13 nitric oxide (NO) rovibrational transitions. Test conditions ranged in stagnation enthalpies from 8 to 16 MJ/kg and in freestream pressure from 7 to 27 kPa. The static pressure probe responses are in good agreement with each other, with theoretical models, and with steady Navier-Stokes simulations. However, the static probes and TDLAS pressure traces agree well in magnitude only, while the temporal behavior of the two measurement techniques diverge mainly due to the slower response time of the static probes. Transient features like nozzle startup and wave dynamics in early test time are not resolved in the static probe measurements. Fortunately, the repeatability across different shots suggests that an improvement in the static probe physical time response to match the sensor limit can reduce the temporal discrepancy between the two measurement techniques.

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Comparison of Static Pressure Measurement Techniques in the T5 Free-Piston Reflected Shock Tunnel

  • Wesley M. Yu,
  • Ying Luo,
  • Joanna M. Austin,
  • Hang G. Hornung,
  • Peter M. Finch,
  • Tal Schwartz,
  • Christopher L. Strand,
  • Ronald K. Hanson

摘要

In hypervelocity impulse ground testing facilities, accurate time-resolved static pressure measurements are imperative in characterizing the freestream thermodynamic state and interpreting spectroscopic data. However, significant structural and aerodynamic loads in these impulse facilities make obtaining accurate pressure measurements quite challenging. Recently, static pressure probes and tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy (TDLAS) were used to measure freestream static pressure in the T5 Free-Piston Reflected Shock Tunnel at the California Institute of Technology. This paper compares the direct pressure measurements from two static probe designs with TDLAS based measurements that use the pressure broadening of absorption features from 13 nitric oxide (NO) rovibrational transitions. Test conditions ranged in stagnation enthalpies from 8 to 16 MJ/kg and in freestream pressure from 7 to 27 kPa. The static pressure probe responses are in good agreement with each other, with theoretical models, and with steady Navier-Stokes simulations. However, the static probes and TDLAS pressure traces agree well in magnitude only, while the temporal behavior of the two measurement techniques diverge mainly due to the slower response time of the static probes. Transient features like nozzle startup and wave dynamics in early test time are not resolved in the static probe measurements. Fortunately, the repeatability across different shots suggests that an improvement in the static probe physical time response to match the sensor limit can reduce the temporal discrepancy between the two measurement techniques.