The use of biofuels across Asian countries has provided the means of meeting the emission reduction commitment under the Kyoto Protocol agreement and a means of earning foreign exchange and reducing energy imports. The interplay of market forces and institutional policies in the biofuel and bioenergy sectors of Asian countries has made it imperative to advance knowledge which would galvanize the different players. Across Asian countries, there have been increased biofuel production activities which has further created greater bioenergy value chain in the downstream sector. This chapter elucidates the ways and means through which biofuels and bioenergy markets and policies have impacted Asian countries in terms of technological processes, applications, and bioenergy audits. An overview of the different feedstocks, production technologies applicable, and consideration of utilization as regards sustainability, market, and policies, and investment atmosphere are highlighted. Furthermore, the individual regimes and directions of the different Asian countries are presented as regards the source and production of the different biofuels and related bioenergy activities. Also, present available policies domiciled within individual countries are discussed. Demand and supply activities within the context of market forces are enunciated and evaluated, and the market projections as regards biofuel/bioenergy production are presented. Assessment of the impacts of the policies on local and institutional players is further evaluated, and improvements on individual country’s biofuel/bioenergy policies are also provided. In conclusion, the present challenges and future perspectives on the possibilities of having a unified market and policies across Asian countries on biofuels/bioenergy are presented with appropriate recommendations.