This chapter explores the revolution in forensic science resulting from the integration of biallelic markers especially single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and Insertion/Deletions (INDELs) in forensic science for individualization purposes. Biallelic markers are genetic loci that have two distinct alleles. By studying these markers, experts in forensics genetics can identify individuals from biological samples with increased power of discrimination. The chapter discusses the basic concepts behind biallelic marker analysis and highlights its importance in addressing the limitations of conventional forensic technologies based on short tandem repeats (STRs) markers. Through a comprehensive review of empirical studies and case examples, this chapter highlights the robustness and reliability of biallelic markers in forensic individualization. In addition, it discusses the implications of biallelic marker analysis on forensic practice, including its role in enhancing the accuracy and validity of forensic analyses in criminal investigations. Overall, this chapter highlights the transformative impact of biallelic marker analysis on forensic science, offering insights into its current applications and future directions in advancing forensic individualization capabilities.