The chapter explores the available options for the future management of disasters and risks in disaster-prone countries, with particular focus on Zimbabwe. The country has implemented various frameworks for disaster risk management, including the National Disaster Risk Management Policy, the Zimbabwe National Drought Plan, the Zimbabwe Drought Risk Management Strategy and Action Plan, and the draft Comprehensive Agricultural Policy Framework. Therefore, the main objective of the chapter is to examine and ascertain whether such policies are sufficient in the reduction of disasters in the country. The chapter is based on a desktop research study that employs textual analysis of information gathered from Google Scholar research engine, together with other websites with official information such as governmental policies and statutes. The research confers that while hazards may not be prevented, risk can be managed with a focused attention to limiting exposure and reducing vulnerability. Most developing countries, particularly Zimbabwe, only implement targeted Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) practices. However, such a traditional approach is not adequate in managing disasters and risks. A change of perspective in DRR involves the implementation of both integrated and targeted DRR approaches. It is concluded that risk-informed interventions have greater chances of success in mitigating hazards associated with disasters. By and large, the chapter recommends that the use of a needs and risk assessment for preparedness, response and recovery stages of a disaster. In this regard, developing early warning systems through advanced technology, capacity building, and livelihood and economic assets protection, are the initiatives that may be adopted. Ultimately, prioritising initiatives that are catalytic and developing a longer-term strategy for institutional change on DRR, backed by national financing mechanisms are the basis of a sustainable DRR management strategy.

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The Future of Managing Disasters and Risks in Zimbabwe and Beyond

  • Gift Mhlanga,
  • Innocent Chirisa

摘要

The chapter explores the available options for the future management of disasters and risks in disaster-prone countries, with particular focus on Zimbabwe. The country has implemented various frameworks for disaster risk management, including the National Disaster Risk Management Policy, the Zimbabwe National Drought Plan, the Zimbabwe Drought Risk Management Strategy and Action Plan, and the draft Comprehensive Agricultural Policy Framework. Therefore, the main objective of the chapter is to examine and ascertain whether such policies are sufficient in the reduction of disasters in the country. The chapter is based on a desktop research study that employs textual analysis of information gathered from Google Scholar research engine, together with other websites with official information such as governmental policies and statutes. The research confers that while hazards may not be prevented, risk can be managed with a focused attention to limiting exposure and reducing vulnerability. Most developing countries, particularly Zimbabwe, only implement targeted Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) practices. However, such a traditional approach is not adequate in managing disasters and risks. A change of perspective in DRR involves the implementation of both integrated and targeted DRR approaches. It is concluded that risk-informed interventions have greater chances of success in mitigating hazards associated with disasters. By and large, the chapter recommends that the use of a needs and risk assessment for preparedness, response and recovery stages of a disaster. In this regard, developing early warning systems through advanced technology, capacity building, and livelihood and economic assets protection, are the initiatives that may be adopted. Ultimately, prioritising initiatives that are catalytic and developing a longer-term strategy for institutional change on DRR, backed by national financing mechanisms are the basis of a sustainable DRR management strategy.