Asphalt production is a fundamental component of road construction, involving the precise blending of heated aggregates and bitumen to create high-quality hot mix asphalt (HMA). This chapter provides a detailed exploration of the equipment, processes, and operational practices involved in asphalt production across different plant types, including batch plants, parallel-flow drum-mix plants, counter-flow drum-mix plants, and advanced double-drum systems. Each plant type is examined in terms of its design, material flow, heating mechanisms, emission control systems, and mixing efficiency. Critical aspects such as aggregate storage, moisture management, segregation prevention, and effective handling strategies are thoroughly discussed to ensure material consistency and minimize production variability. The chapter also covers the calibration and operation of cold-feed systems, charging conveyors, and scalping screens, emphasizing their role in maintaining mix quality and gradation. The bitumen supply system—including storage, heating, metering, and delivery methods—is described in detail, highlighting the importance of temperature control, safety mechanisms, and system calibration in achieving uniform binder distribution. Operational procedures for both batch and drum-mix plants are presented, focusing on optimizing production continuity, controlling emissions, and ensuring mix uniformity. Through a comprehensive overview of both traditional practices and modern innovations, this chapter equips engineers and practitioners with the knowledge required for efficient, sustainable, and high-performance asphalt production.