Driven by the dual-carbon goal, natural gas, as an efficient green energy, plays a key role in the energy transformation. With the increasing demand for natural gas and the increasing dependence on natural gas, China has intensified the construction of underground gas storage and related technical research in order to ensure a safe, stable, continuous and reliable natural gas supply. Gas storage is mainly divided into four types: depleted reservoir type, aquifer type, salt cavern type and rock cavern type. The underground gas storage reconstructed by depleted reservoir type has the advantages of reliable trap integrity, large gas storage capacity, high gas storage pressure and relatively low investment, so it is the preferred target for gas storage construction, and its number accounts for more than 78% of the total gas storage in the world. In view of the complex geological conditions and the characteristic points of depleted hydrocarbon reservoirs in high and steep structural areas in China, higher requirements are put forward for accurate structure implementation, resolution processing of reservoir height, fine prediction of faults and fractures, and evaluation of trap and fracture sealing in terms of gas storage site selection, feasibility study, gas storage scheme design and drilling implementation. In this paper, a series of high-precision 3D seismic exploration techniques for reconstruction of depleted oil and gas reservoirs in high steep structural areas have been initially formed through the research of “two-width and two-height” high-precision 3D acquisition, “double-height” processing in double-complex low S/N area and “true” surface TTI anisotropy pre-stack depth migration. The application of actual data shows that the method proposed in this paper has higher SNR and fidelity, more accurate details of main structure and trap, and more reasonable and reliable fault homing, which provides high-fidelity data and technical support for the study of trap implementation, fault and cap sealing of gas storage structure, and can be applied to the feasibility evaluation of similar gas storage reservoirs.

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Research and Application of Key Techniques of High-Precision 3D Seismic Exploration for Gas Storage

  • Hua-hui Zeng,
  • Zhi-yun Sun,
  • Fei Li,
  • Tao Yang,
  • Jie Liu,
  • Jing Wang

摘要

Driven by the dual-carbon goal, natural gas, as an efficient green energy, plays a key role in the energy transformation. With the increasing demand for natural gas and the increasing dependence on natural gas, China has intensified the construction of underground gas storage and related technical research in order to ensure a safe, stable, continuous and reliable natural gas supply. Gas storage is mainly divided into four types: depleted reservoir type, aquifer type, salt cavern type and rock cavern type. The underground gas storage reconstructed by depleted reservoir type has the advantages of reliable trap integrity, large gas storage capacity, high gas storage pressure and relatively low investment, so it is the preferred target for gas storage construction, and its number accounts for more than 78% of the total gas storage in the world. In view of the complex geological conditions and the characteristic points of depleted hydrocarbon reservoirs in high and steep structural areas in China, higher requirements are put forward for accurate structure implementation, resolution processing of reservoir height, fine prediction of faults and fractures, and evaluation of trap and fracture sealing in terms of gas storage site selection, feasibility study, gas storage scheme design and drilling implementation. In this paper, a series of high-precision 3D seismic exploration techniques for reconstruction of depleted oil and gas reservoirs in high steep structural areas have been initially formed through the research of “two-width and two-height” high-precision 3D acquisition, “double-height” processing in double-complex low S/N area and “true” surface TTI anisotropy pre-stack depth migration. The application of actual data shows that the method proposed in this paper has higher SNR and fidelity, more accurate details of main structure and trap, and more reasonable and reliable fault homing, which provides high-fidelity data and technical support for the study of trap implementation, fault and cap sealing of gas storage structure, and can be applied to the feasibility evaluation of similar gas storage reservoirs.