A combustible gas explosion is a common catastrophic accident, which causes huge loss of life and property to society and the people, and at the same time has far-reaching negative impacts on the sustainable development of the economy and social society, and has become a major problem that we must solve. To effectively prevent the explosion of combustible gases, from the thermal explosion theory and chain reaction theory, the explosion mechanism of combustible gases is elaborated in detail, the various methods of determining the explosion limit and its applicable conditions are systematically reviewed, and the changing law of the influence of different factors on the explosion limit is sorted out and analyzed, to summarize a series of explosion suppression techniques. The study shows that the accuracy of the experimental determination of the explosion limit value is higher than the formula calculated value, but there is still a certain degree of deviation from the actual situation, the application of the experimental determination of the value of the need to add a safety factor; by the initial temperature and pressure, container size and other internal and external factors, the explosion limit shows a different trend, the essence of which lies in the flammable gases and oxygen triggered by chain reaction can be sustained, which is used fine Water mist, ABC dry powder, inert gas, aerogel and metal mesh and other technologies to reduce or isolate combustible gases and oxygen contact chances of combustible gas explosions can achieve better inhibition of the effect. Through this review, from the thermodynamic and kinetic point of view, in-depth analysis of the explosion micro-reaction mechanism, to explore the active radical generation mechanism, hope to give researchers some useful guidance for different applications, the development of more efficient and intelligent explosion suppression technologies.