This chapter presents an interactive topology optimization methodOptimizationmethod that incorporates the designer’sSubjectivepreference subjective preferencesPreferencesubjective. We have developed two techniques: one based on drawing an initial pattern and the other on assigning subjective scoresSubjectivescore to intermediate designs. These techniques use the designer’s initial pattern or subjective scoresSubjectivescore to modify the sensitivity values of elements, thereby altering their relative ranking. This leads to innovative and efficient structural designsDesignstructural that account for the designer’sSubjectivepreference subjective preferencesPreferencesubjective. Further, this chapter introduces our recent research on integrating virtual reality (VR) technology with topology optimizationTopology optimization. We demonstrate that VR sculpting Virtual realitysculptingoffers the designer an interactive, intuitive, and immersive platform for visualizing and editing 3D geometries. The sculpted 3D models can effectively incorporate the designer’sSubjectivepreference subjective preferencesPreferencesubjective and influence material redistribution in the generalized topology optimization processOptimizationprocess through human–computer interactionInteractionhuman–computer.