Legumes, essential for global food security and nutrition, face significant challenges in production due to climate change. This chapter explores the multifaceted impacts of changing climate conditions on legume cultivation, focusing on temperature fluctuations, altered precipitation patterns, and increased incidences of extreme weather events. The discussion highlights how these climatic factors affect legume growth, yield, and nutritional quality, emphasizing the need for adaptive agricultural practices. Advances in crop breeding, including the development of drought-resistant and heat-tolerant legume varieties, are examined as crucial strategies to mitigate climate-related risks. Additionally, the chapter delves into the role of sustainable farming practices, such as crop rotation and intercropping, in enhancing the resilience of legume production systems. Case studies from diverse geographic regions illustrate practical applications and successes in adapting legume farming to changing climates. Furthermore, the chapter addresses the socio-economic implications of climate change on legume farmers, particularly in developing countries, and underscores the importance of policy support and international cooperation in fostering sustainable legume production. By integrating scientific research with practical solutions, this chapter aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the challenges and opportunities in legume production under changing climate conditions, offering valuable insights for researchers, policymakers, and farmers.