Climate change is manifesting through extreme weather events, altered rainfall patterns, and a rising global temperature. These changes are poised to have significant effects on flora, fauna, and insect pest populations. Abiotic factors, such as temperature, precipitation, and atmospheric CO2 levels, directly influence insect population dynamics by affecting development rates, survival, fecundity, voltinism, and dispersal. Uncontrolled pest populations can lead to increased crop stress, higher crop losses, and reduced agricultural productivity. As climate change progresses, the stress on crops will intensify, exacerbated by the direct effects of these climatic variables on plant health. Temperature, in particular, plays a critical role, with rising temperatures potentially altering the population dynamics of agricultural pests and insects. Global warming may also shift the geographical distribution of species, favoring multivoltine species that can complete multiple generations per year. Elevated C02levels further contribute to this dynamic by altering the nutritional quality of crops, which can lead to increased insect herbivory, greater crop damage, reduced yields, and higher costs for crop protection, all of which have significant economic implications. Therefore, climate change is expected to cause fluctuations in insect pest populations. This chapter delves into the potential impacts of climate change on insect pests.