Global climate change poses serious threats to ecosystems and agriculture. It has been observed that crop growth and productivity are negatively affected due to climate change. Various methods have been developed in the past to address these issues. The Green Revolution aimed to increase agriculture by using high-yield crop varieties and chemical fertilizers, but these practices have only addressed the effects of climate change to a limited extent. Therefore, there is a need for sustainable and integrated agricultural approaches. Genetically modified plants are considered an effective strategy for adapting to climate change. These plants can enhance carbon sequestration capacities and provide climate-resilient food systems. In this context, genetically engineered “smart plants” have been developed to withstand climate variations. Genetically modified plants have the potential to optimize various agricultural traits. Transgenic technology is recognized as a rapid method for gene transfer. This technology allows the introduction of desired genes into plants, enabling the enhancement of specific traits. It can increase plants’ resistance to climate change and other stress factors. However, developing high-efficiency protocols for genetic transformation is necessary. Transgenic plants play a significant role in reducing greenhouse gas emissions. These plants can lower emissions by reducing pesticide use and fossil fuel consumption. Additionally, developing plants with high carbon sequestration capacity aims to decrease the amount of CO2 in the atmosphere. This summary provides an overview of the potential contributions of genetically modified plants and transgenic technology in combating climate change.