Crop production is very sensitive toward climate change. Increasing population and urbanization, coupled with changing climate, are the major threats and challenges to meet the expected food demand. This chapter explores agricultural water management techniques and their critical role in climate-smart crop production. By adopting efficient irrigation systems, soil moisture management techniques, rainwater harvesting, and integrated water resource management, agricultural cropping systems can become more resilient and productive, and farmers can enhance their productivity and sustainability. Water management is integral to climate-smart agriculture, offering numerous benefits for crop production, water conservation, and climate resilience. Policymakers, researchers, and farmers must collaborate with supportive policies and institutional frameworks to implement these strategies for a sustainable food system.