Quantum dots (QDs), a zero-dimensional nanomaterial, have emerged as a potential tool in agricultural research due to their exceptional optical, chemical, and biocompatible characteristics. This chapter discusses the prospects of QDs in revolutionizing sustainable agriculture based on their synthesis, functionalization, and multifaceted applications. QDs with a size of less than 10 nm exhibit size-tunable fluorescence, high photostability, and pronounced quantum confinement effects, making them well-suited for precision agriculture. QDs can be surface-functionalized with amino, carboxyl, or nitrogen groups to enhance biocompatibility, solubility, and binding affinity, depending on agricultural applications. In crop monitoring, QDs serve as fluorescent probes for real-time bioimaging, allowing visualization of nutrient uptake, early-stage disease detection, and stress responses with high sensitivity. They enable specific delivery of nutrients, improving uptake efficiency and promoting plant growth, while their biostimulant effect enhances tolerance to abiotic stresses such as drought and salinity by inducing protective pathways and antioxidant synthesis. In soil management, QDs facilitate precise monitoring of nutrients and pollutants, optimizing fertilizer use and phytoremediation. Additionally, their ability to enhance photosynthesis efficiency through light conversion helps boost crop yields. Green synthesis using biomass ensures environment-friendly production, aligning with sustainable development. Scalability, long-term environmental effects, and regulatory frameworks must be addressed for their safe application. This review emphasizes QDs’ potential to transform agriculture by fostering higher productivity and sustainability while calling for further studies into their environmental fate and low-cost synthesis to maximize their benefits for sustainable farming systems.